Ghetto

A designated area of a city in which Jews were permitted to live. Ghettos were sometimes surrounded by a wall and had gates that would be closed for the night, and were sometimes called "Jewish cities" or "Jewish quarters". The term "ghetto" probably was probably first used in the sixteenth century, though its origins are unclear. The most popular theory speculates(...)

Home Army

Home Army: an armed organization of the Polish Underground State, subject to the Commander in Chief and the Republic of Poland government in exile. The first such organization was the Polish Victory Service; it was established in September 1939, and in November it was transformed into a Union for Armed Struggle. As a result of the so-called uniting action in February 1942, ZWZ, combined with other(...)

Righteous Among the Nations

[Hebrew, Chasidei Umot Ha-olam]

A medal and honorary title established in 1953 by the Yad Vashem Institute in Jerusalem. It is awarded to individuals who saved Jews during the Holocaust. 

In 1944-1950, the Central Committee of Jews in Poland (CKZP) was involved in honoring Poles who helped Jews during the Second World War. On the basis of testimony from someone who had been(...)

Warsaw

[Yiddish, Varshe, Varsha, Varshoy]

The earliest Jewish settlement in Warsaw dates back to the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In the first half of the fifteenth century, Warsaw had a "Jewish Street", synagogue and cemetery. The first mention of Jews being expelled from the city dates back to 1483. In 1527, Sigismund I the Old confirmed Warsaw's de non tolerandis Judaeis privilege,(...)

Warsaw

[Yiddish, Varshe, Varsha, Varshoy]

The earliest Jewish settlement in Warsaw dates back to the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In the first half of the fifteenth century, Warsaw had a "Jewish Street", synagogue and cemetery. The first mention of Jews being expelled from the city dates back to 1483. In 1527, Sigismund I the Old confirmed Warsaw's de non tolerandis Judaeis privilege,(...)

Warsaw

[Yiddish, Varshe, Varsha, Varshoy]

The earliest Jewish settlement in Warsaw dates back to the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In the first half of the fifteenth century, Warsaw had a "Jewish Street", synagogue and cemetery. The first mention of Jews being expelled from the city dates back to 1483. In 1527, Sigismund I the Old confirmed Warsaw's de non tolerandis Judaeis privilege,(...)

Warsaw

[Yiddish, Varshe, Varsha, Varshoy]

The earliest Jewish settlement in Warsaw dates back to the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In the first half of the fifteenth century, Warsaw had a "Jewish Street", synagogue and cemetery. The first mention of Jews being expelled from the city dates back to 1483. In 1527, Sigismund I the Old confirmed Warsaw's de non tolerandis Judaeis privilege,(...)